Pale Morning Spinners

Until recently, Ephemerella excrucians was a widespread species of relatively minor importance. Recent work by entomologists uncovered that it is the same species as the important Western Pale Morning Duns Ephemerella inermis, and the two combined took the name of excrucians.

The behavioral information I've given below is tentative. Because of the taxonomic shuffling and the fact that books usually describe this species together with others, it is a little bit unclear which writings specifically apply to excrucians.

This is one of the most challenging mayfly hatches on waters across the country.

Ephemerella dorothea consists of two distinct subspecies (Subspecies: Entomologists sometimes further divide a species into distinct groups called subspecies, which have two lower-case words on the end of their scientific name instead of one. The latter is the sub-species name. For example, Maccaffertium mexicanum mexicanum and Maccaffertium mexicanum integrum are two different subspecies of Maccaffertium mexicanum.) which both produce excellent action. Ephemerella dorothea dorothea is a small species of Sulphur in the East, and Ephemerella dorothea infrequens (formerly Ephemerella infrequens) is one of the two main Pale Morning Dun hatches of the West.